ACTION WITHOUT DUE CONSIDERATION

 

  This is the beginning of the fifth tantra called, "Action without due consideration". And here is the first verse:

   "No wise man should follow the barber's example,

    Pursuing what he has neither accurately observed,

    Nor properly understood:

    Neither correctly heard,

    Nor sufficiently considered."

 

  This is how the story goes:

  In the south of India, there was a town called Patliputra. A merchant, by the name of Manibhadra, lived there. He was given to performing charitable deeds, for the sake of religion, for the love of others, and for the salvation of his soul. But fate was hostile and he lost his entire fortune. As a result, the man's respect and reputation gradually diminished everywhere. He grew utterly dejected.

  One night, as he lay in bed, he thought to himself, "Oh, to hell with this poverty! It's so true what they say:

   'A man may be of good character, Compassionate and pure,

   Sweet tempered and born of a noble family,

   But once be has lost his money,

   He is no longer widely esteemed.'

 And,

   'The breeze in spring,

   Gradually diminishes the splendour of winter,

   And the daily cares of maintaining a family,

   Diminish a wise man.'

 And,

 'A poor man's house

  Is like the sky without stars

  Or a lake without water

  Impressive, but lifeless as a burial ground.'

  'Poverty stricken people

  Stand out in their wretchedness

   And yet no one pays them

   Any more attention

   Than bubbles of water

   That form and disappear.'

  And,

   'A poor man may be wise, upright

   And of genteel birth

   But everyone shuns him,

   Whilst a rich man, although stupid, immoral

   And low born,

   Is, for ulterior motives, overwhelmed with attention.'

  And also,

  'The sea roars

   And everyone trembles,

   The rich flaunt themselves

   And are respected by all.'

  Thinking all this over, Manibhadra came to a decision.

 "What is the good of leading such a useless life?" he said. "I shall fast and starve myself to death."

  Then, he dropped off to sleep. He dreamt that a Jain monk appeared to him and said, "Merchant, don't worry' I am Padmanidhi, accumulated by your forefathers through hard work. Tomorrow morning, I shall come to your house in this very form. Strike me on the head with a stick and I shall turn into gold. You will have so much gold that the supply will never be exhausted.'

  Early next morning, when the merchant got up, his head was spinning. 'The memory of the previous night's dream haunted him. He thought to himself, "I wonder whether this dream will come true or not. Very likely it won't. I had this dream because my thoughts were preoccupied with money. It's true what they say:

   'The dreams of a sick man

   Or a man overcome with grief or worry,

   Desire or madness,

   Prophesy nothing.' "

  Now, the merchant's wife had called in a barber, to anoint her sore feet and to paint them with Mendi. Just after his arrival, a Jain monk appeared on the scene. He was the image of the one the merchant had seen in his dream. When the merchant saw him, he was delighted and immediately struck him on the head with a stick that happened to be handy. The monk fell to the ground and turned into a pile of gold!

  The merchant picked up the gold and quietly hid it in a secluded room of the house. He made the barber happy by giving him money and clothes, saying to him, "Never tell anybody what you have seen."

  When the barber got home, he thought to himself, "Well, if all these Jain monks turn to gold when you hit them on the head, I'll invite a few of them to my house." And he spent a very disturbed night, thinking about it.

  Next morning, he got up and went over to the Jain Vihara. Three times he went round the idol of Jinendra. 'Then he knelt on the ground, and holding his upper garment before his mouth, in the tradition of the Jains, recited the following verse:

   "Long live the Jain saints,

   For they devote themselves solely

   To the pursuit of wisdom.

   Lust and desire can no more take root in their minds,

   Than green shoots can sprout in the desert.

   Blessed is the tongue that praises Mahavira

   And blessed are the hands that minister to him."

  When he had finished, the barber went over to the chief monk, knelt on the ground with his hands folded, and said, "Muni, I bow before you."

  In return, the monk blessed him and passed on to him some precepts of the Jain religion. The barber then said very humbly to the chief' monk, "Muni, I implore you, when you go out for alms today, please come and dine at my house and bring the other monks with you."

 "My good devotee!" said the monk. "You are obviously a very religious man, so how can you talk like that? Do you think that we Jains are like Brahmins, that you've come to invite us to your home to eat! Don't you know that when we go out collecting alms everyday, we accept food from the first devotee we come across and then only eat just enough to keep ourselves alive? So, go away and don't talk like that again."

 "But, Muni," said the barber, "I know your religion quite well and I also know that you do accept invitations from devotees. Now, I have collected a number of exquisite pieces of cloth, which would be beautiful to wrap round your holy books. I have also saved a lot of money to give to the scribes who copy them. But please, don't let this influence you, do as you think best."

  Then the barber asked for the chief monk's blessings and went home.

  When he got there, he put a stick, made of Khadira wood, behind the door, in readiness. Then at lunch time, he went back to the Vihara and waited outside.

   When the monks came out, he begged them to accompany him to his house to conduct prayers. Coveting the cloth and the money, the monks agreed and went with the barber. As they say:

   "Isn't it amazing!

   Even a recluse

   Who has given up his home,

   Discarded his utensils,

   And now eats and drinks with his bare hands,

   Is a prey to greed."

  And,

   "An old man's hair turn white,

   His teeth grow loose

   And his eyes and ears cease to function properly,

   But his desires remain eternally young."

  As soon as the monks entered the barber's house, he locked the doors firmly from inside and began to beat them on their heads, with the stick. Some fell down dead, some had their heads smashed in, whilst, the others began to scream for help.

  When the chief watchman of the town heard their cries, he ordered his men to go and find out what all this noise was about, right in the center of the town. The watchmen went to look and they saw the monks rushing out of the barber's house with blood streaming from them.

  "Whatever has happened?" they asked the monks. And the monks told them all that the barber had done. The watchmen arrested the barber and took him to the court of law, and the monks as well.

  At court, the judges said to the barber, "Why did you commit this wicked crime?"

  "It wasn't my fault" he said. "I saw the merchant do it. And I thought, I too would try." And he told them all that he had seen at Manibhadra's house.

  Then the judges ordered the merchant to appear before them and they asked him, "Have you been killing any Jain monks?"

  The merchant told them in detail all about the monk in his dream.

  Then the judges said, "Let this wicked barber, who blindly imitated the merchant, be put to death." And the barber was hanged.

  Then the judges said,

   "No wise man should follow the barber's example,

   Pursuing what he has neither accurately observed,

   Nor properly understood,

   Neither correctly heard

   Nor sufficiently considered.;"

  And,

   He who acts without due consideration,

   Will afterwards repent,

   As the Brahmin's wife repented

   The death of the mongoose."

"How was that?" asked the merchant.

 And the judges told   The Story Of The Brahmin's Wife And The Mungoose